Belajar Neovim - Complete Production-Grade Neovim Setup & Best Practices

nvim/
├── init.lua                      # Entry point: memuat lazy.nvim & modul-modul
├── .gitignore                    # Melindungi secret lokal (episode 24)
├── .env.local                    # Secret lokal (tidak di-commit)
├── stylua.toml                   # Formatting Lua config (episode 17)
├── lazy-lock.json                # Lockfile plugin — reproducibilitas (episode 9)
└── lua/
    ├── config/
    │   ├── env.lua               # Deteksi OS & path lintas platform (episode 24)
    │   ├── options.lua           # Opsi editor (episode 7)
    │   ├── keymaps.lua           # Leader key & shortcut (episode 7)
    │   ├── autocmds.lua          # Format-on-save, dll (episode 8)
    │   └── lazy.lua              # Bootstrap lazy.nvim (episode 9)
    └── plugins/
        ├── core.lua              # lazy.nvim + disable plugin bawaan (episode 23)
        ├── colorscheme.lua       # Tema + statusline (episode 10)
        ├── telescope.lua         # Fuzzy finder & navigasi (episode 11)
        ├── oil.lua               # File explorer buffer-based (episode 12)
        ├── flash.lua             # Jump navigation (episode 13)
        ├── treesitter.lua        # Syntax highlighting & parsing (episode 14)
        ├── lsp.lua               # mason + lspconfig + LSP keymaps (episode 15)
        ├── cmp.lua               # Completion + snippets (episode 16)
        ├── conform.lua           # Formatter (episode 17)
        ├── lint.lua              # Linter asinkron (episode 17)
        ├── gitsigns.lua          # Git gutter & blame (episode 18)
        ├── diffview.lua          # Diff & merge conflicts (episode 18)
        ├── toggleterm.lua        # Terminal & lazygit (episode 19)
        ├── autopairs.lua         # Produktivitas editing (episode 20)
        ├── which-key.lua         # Bantuan keymap (episode 20)
        ├── ai.lua                # Copilot/Codeium/Avante (episode 21)
        ├── dap.lua               # Debugging (episode 22)
        └── neotest.lua           # Testing (episode 26)

-- Entry point: muat modul config inti
require("config.env")
require("config.options")
require("config.keymaps")
require("config.autocmds")
 
-- Bootstrap lazy.nvim & seluruh plugin (episode 9)
require("config.lazy")

local lazypath = vim.fn.stdpath("data") .. "/lazy/lazy.nvim"
if not (vim.uv or vim.loop).fs_stat(lazypath) then
  vim.fn.system({
    "git",
    "clone",
    "--filter=blob:none",
    "https://github.com/folke/lazy.nvim.git",
    "--branch=stable",
    lazypath,
  })
end
vim.opt.rtp:prepend(lazypath)
 
require("lazy").setup({
  spec = {
    { import = "plugins" },        -- auto-import semua lua/plugins/*.lua
  },
  install = { colorscheme = { "tokyonight" } },
  checker = { enabled = true },    -- notifikasi update tersedia
  performance = {
    rtp = {
      disabled_plugins = {
        "netrwPlugin", "gzip", "zipPlugin", "tarPlugin", "tohtml", "matchit",
      },
    },
  },
})

local env = require("config.env")
 
-- 1. Tampilan & navigasi (episode 7)
vim.opt.number = true
vim.opt.relativenumber = true
vim.opt.cursorline = true
vim.opt.scrolloff = 8
vim.opt.signcolumn = "yes"
vim.opt.termguicolors = true
 
-- 2. Indentasi (episode 7)
vim.opt.tabstop = 2
vim.opt.shiftwidth = 2
vim.opt.expandtab = true
vim.opt.smartindent = true
 
-- 3. Pencarian (episode 7)
vim.opt.ignorecase = true
vim.opt.smartcase = true
vim.opt.hlsearch = true
vim.opt.incsearch = true
 
-- 4. Keandalan & backup (episode 7)
vim.opt.undofile = true
vim.opt.undodir = env.undo_dir
vim.opt.swapfile = false
vim.opt.backup = false
vim.opt.clipboard = "unnamedplus"   -- sync dengan sistem clipboard
 
-- 5. Perilaku modern
vim.opt.mouse = "a"
vim.opt.splitright = true
vim.opt.splitbelow = true
vim.opt.completeopt = "menu,menuone,noselect"
vim.opt.wrap = false
vim.opt.updatetime = 250
vim.opt.timeoutlen = 300
 
-- 6. Direktori undo dibuat otomatis
vim.fn.mkdir(env.undo_dir, "p")

-- Leader key: spasi (episode 7)
vim.g.mapleader = " "
 
local map = vim.keymap.set
 
-- Menyimpan & keluar (refleks dasar)
map("n", "<leader>w", "<cmd>w<CR>", { desc = "Save file" })
map("n", "<leader>q", "<cmd>q<CR>", { desc = "Quit window" })
 
-- Navigasi split (episode 5)
map("n", "<C-h>", "<C-w>h", { desc = "Go to left window" })
map("n", "<C-j>", "<C-w>j", { desc = "Go to lower window" })
map("n", "<C-k>", "<C-w>k", { desc = "Go to upper window" })
map("n", "<C-l>", "<C-w>l", { desc = "Go to right window" })
 
-- Buffer navigation (episode 5)
map("n", "<Tab>", "<cmd>bnext<CR>", { desc = "Next buffer" })
map("n", "<S-Tab>", "<cmd>bprevious<CR>", { desc = "Previous buffer" })
map("n", "<leader>bd", "<cmd>bdelete<CR>", { desc = "Close buffer" })
 
-- Mencari (episode 7)
map("n", "<Esc>", "<cmd>noh<CR>", { desc = "Clear search highlight" })
 
-- Meninggalkan insert mode dengan cepat
map("i", "jk", "<Esc>", { desc = "Exit insert mode" })
map("i", "jj", "<Esc>", { desc = "Exit insert mode" })
 
-- Jangan menimpa yank saat paste di visual mode (episode 3)
map("v", "p", '"_dP', { desc = "Paste without overwriting register" })

local group = vim.api.nvim_create_augroup("user_config", { clear = true })
 
-- Kembali ke posisi terakhir saat membuka file (episode 8)
vim.api.nvim_create_autocmd("BufReadPost", {
  group = group,
  callback = function()
    local mark = vim.api.nvim_buf_get_mark(0, '"')
    if mark[1] > 1 and mark[1] <= vim.api.nvim_buf_line_count(0) then
      pcall(vim.api.nvim_win_set_cursor, 0, mark)
    end
  end,
})
 
-- Aktifkan wrap hanya untuk file markdown (episode 8)
vim.api.nvim_create_autocmd("FileType", {
  group = group,
  pattern = { "markdown", "text" },
  callback = function()
    vim.opt_local.wrap = true
  end,
})

{
  "neovim/nvim-lspconfig",
  event = { "BufReadPre", "BufNewFile" },
  dependencies = {
    { "williamboman/mason.nvim", cmd = "Mason", build = ":MasonUpdate" },
    "williamboman/mason-lspconfig.nvim",
    "hrsh7th/cmp-nvim-lsp",
  },
  config = function()
    require("mason").setup()
    require("mason-lspconfig").setup({
      ensure_installed = { "gopls", "pyright", "tsserver", "lua_ls", "dockerls" },
    })
 
    local capabilities = require("cmp_nvim_lsp").default_capabilities()
 
    local on_attach = function(_, bufnr)
      local bufmap = function(keys, fn, desc)
        vim.keymap.set("n", keys, fn, { buffer = bufnr, desc = desc })
      end
      bufmap("gd", vim.lsp.buf.definition, "Go to definition")
      bufmap("gr", vim.lsp.buf.references, "References")
      bufmap("K", vim.lsp.buf.hover, "Hover documentation")
      bufmap("<leader>rn", vim.lsp.buf.rename, "Rename symbol")
      bufmap("<leader>ca", vim.lsp.buf.code_action, "Code action")
      bufmap("<leader>e", vim.diagnostic.open_float, "Show diagnostics")
    end
 
    require("mason-lspconfig").setup_handlers({
      function(server)
        require("lspconfig")[server].setup({ on_attach = on_attach, capabilities = capabilities })
      end,
    })
  end,
}

{
  "hrsh7th/nvim-cmp",
  event = "InsertEnter",
  dependencies = {
    "hrsh7th/cmp-nvim-lsp",
    "hrsh7th/cmp-buffer",
    "hrsh7th/cmp-path",
    "L3MON4D3/LuaSnip",
    "saadparwaiz1/cmp_luasnip",
    "rafamadriz/friendly-snippets",
  },
  config = function()
    local cmp = require("cmp")
    local luasnip = require("luasnip")
    require("luasnip.loaders.from_vscode").lazy_load()
 
    cmp.setup({
      snippet = {
        expand = function(args) luasnip.lsp_expand(args.body) end,
      },
      mapping = cmp.mapping.preset.insert({
        ["<C-b>"] = cmp.mapping.scroll_docs(-4),
        ["<C-f>"] = cmp.mapping.scroll_docs(4),
        ["<C-Space>"] = cmp.mapping.complete(),
        ["<CR>"] = cmp.mapping.confirm({ select = true }),
        ["<Tab>"] = cmp.mapping(function(fallback)
          if cmp.visible() then cmp.select_next_item()
          elseif luasnip.expand_or_jumpable() then luasnip.expand_or_jump()
          else fallback() end
        end, { "i", "s" }),
      }),
      sources = cmp.config.sources({
        { name = "nvim_lsp" },
        { name = "luasnip" },
        { name = "buffer" },
        { name = "path" },
      }),
    })
  end,
}

{
  "stevearc/conform.nvim",
  event = "BufWritePre",           -- format saat akan menyimpan
  config = function()
    require("conform").setup({
      formatters_by_ft = {
        lua = { "stylua" },
        python = { "ruff_fix", "ruff_format" },
        go = { "gofmt", "goimports" },
        javascript = { "prettierd", "prettier" },
        typescript = { "prettierd", "prettier" },
        ["*"] = { "trim_whitespace" },
      },
      format_on_save = {
        timeout_ms = 1500,
        lsp_fallback = true,
      },
    })
  end,
}