Belajar QA Automation Engineer - Test Environment & Stability

#Pendahuluan

Setelah di episode 19 kita menguji auth flows, pada episode ini kita membahas fondasi test suite yang reliable: test environment. Environment yang tidak stabil menyebabkan flaky tests tanpa akhir.

#Containerized Test Environment

#Docker Compose

yaml

# docker-compose.test.yml
version: '3.8'
services:
  app:
    build: .
    ports:
      - "3000:3000"
    environment:
      - DATABASE_URL=postgresql://test:test@db:5432/testdb
      - REDIS_URL=redis://redis:6379
      - NODE_ENV=test
    depends_on:
      - db
      - redis
 
  db:
    image: postgres:16-alpine
    environment:
      POSTGRES_DB: testdb
      POSTGRES_USER: test
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: test
    ports:
      - "5432:5432"
    volumes:
      - ./seeds:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
 
  redis:
    image: redis:7-alpine
    ports:
      - "6379:6379"

#Playwright Docker

dockerfile

# Dockerfile.playwright
FROM mcr.microsoft.com/playwright:v1.50.0-noble
 
WORKDIR /app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci
COPY . .
CMD ["npx", "playwright", "test"]

#Database Seeds

#Seed Script

typescript

// seeds/seed.ts
import { PrismaClient } from '@prisma/client';
 
const prisma = new PrismaClient();
 
export async function seed() {
  // Clean database
  await prisma.user.deleteMany();
  await prisma.product.deleteMany();
 
  // Seed users
  await prisma.user.createMany({
    data: [
      { email: 'user1@test.com', name: 'User 1', password: 'hashed' },
      { email: 'user2@test.com', name: 'User 2', password: 'hashed' },
    ],
  });
 
  // Seed products
  await prisma.product.createMany({
    data: [
      { name: 'Product A', price: 29.99, stock: 100 },
      { name: 'Product B', price: 49.99, stock: 50 },
    ],
  });
}
 
seed().then(() => prisma.$disconnect());

#Per-Test Reset

typescript

// Reset database sebelum test suite
test.beforeAll(async () => {
  await seed();
});
 
// Reset setelah test suite
test.afterAll(async () => {
  await cleanup();
});

#State Reset Strategies

#Transaction-Based

typescript

// Wrap test dalam transaction, rollback setelah test
test('user creation', async ({ page }) => {
  const tx = await prisma.$transaction(async () => {
    // Test code...
    await prisma.user.create({ data: { email: 'test@test.com' } });
  });
 
  // Transaction automatically rolled back
});

#API Reset

typescript

// Reset via API endpoint
test.beforeEach(async ({ request }) => {
  await request.post('/api/test/reset');
});

#Stability Best Practices

text

Stability Checklist:
├── Isolated test data (per-test atau per-suite)
├── Deterministic seeds (same seed = same data)
├── Cleanup after tests
├── Mock external services
├── Fixed timestamps (freeze time)
├── Containerized environment (same everywhere)
└── Health checks sebelum test mulai

Note

Test environment harus identik di lokal dan CI. Gunakan Docker untuk memastikan konsistensi.

#Praktik: Test Environment Setup

bash

# 1. Jalankan test environment
docker-compose -f docker-compose.test.yml up -d
 
# 2. Seed database
npm run seed
 
# 3. Jalankan tests
npx playwright test
 
# 4. Cleanup
docker-compose -f docker-compose.test.yml down -v

#Penutup

Docker Compose: containerized test environment.
Seeds: deterministic data setup.
Reset: transaction-based, API-based, atau clean-rebuild.
Stability: isolated data, mocked externals, fixed timestamps.

Di episode 21 selanjutnya kita akan membahas AI-assisted test generation — menggunakan AI untuk generate tests, self-healing, dan triage. Sampai jumpa di episode 21!